伦理的) study. By studying biographies of great men, students were to learn moral and ethical principles. Franklin’s curricular proposal was especially noteworthy because it brought many practical skills into the formal school that so far had been ignored. They included carpentry, ship-building, engraving, printing, painting, cabinetmaking, farming, and carving. With a prophetic(先知的) insight into the course of civilization and education, Franklin suggested that special attention be given to science, invention, and technology.

　　 By the mid-nineteenth century, there were many academies functioning throughout the nation, especially at the secondary level. These academies offered a wide variety of curricula and courses, ranging from traditional Latin and Greek to very practical and utilitarian(实用的) studies. The late nineteenth and twentieth centuries saw the emergence of high school and the junior high or middle school, which incorporated utilitarianism, vocationalism, and commercialism, such as Franklin had recommended in his proposals of the mid-eighteenth century.

　　Questions:

　　1. Why did Franklin write “Proposals Relating to the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania”?

　　________________________________________________________

　　2. What did the chief language studies exclude?

　　_______________________________________________________

　　3. What was the main purpose of the ethical study?

　　_______________________________________________________

　　4. Which word in the first paragraph could be used to describe the curriculum offered at the academy?

　　_______________________________________________________

　　5. What did the formal school overlook?

　　_______________________________________________________

　　六、翻译

　　1. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _______________________________________(主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).

　　2. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___________________________ (超过250万的家庭已经摆脱贫困).

　　3. _____________________________________________ (除主席之外的所有董事会成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs.

　　4. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ________________ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).

　　5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before._____________________________________________(发达国家尤为如此).　　

　　参考答案

　　一、快速阅读

　　1. N

　　2. N

　　3. Y

　　4. Y

　　5. NG

　　6. NG

　　7. Y

　　8. 95%

　　9. 10-20 beats

　　10. chemical messengers

　　二、长对话

　　Conversation 1

　　答案：CCBA

　　原文：

　　W: Ok, last night you were supposed to read an article about human bones. Are there any comments about it?

　　M: Well, to begin with, I was surprised to find out there was so much going on in bones. I always assumed they were pretty lifeless.